Doğruluk kontrolü yapanları kim kontrol edecek?
Son yıllarda internet ve sosyal medyanın sağladığı kolaylıkla yanlış bilgi, sahte haber ve dezenformasyon korkutucu derecede hızlı yayılıyor. Şüpheli içerikleri doğrulayan kurum ve insan sayısı aynı hızla artmasa da birçok ülkede varlıklarını biliyoruz. Peki dijital ortamlardaki şüpheli içerikleri doğrulayan kişi ve kurumları kim doğrulayacak?
Bu sorunun cevabı tam da bu yazıyı okuyan kişiler, yani siz. Şüpheli içerikleri doğrulayan kişi ve kurumları da onların okuyucuları doğrulayacak.
Doğruluk kontrolü yapan editörler ve kurumlar, dünyada yaygın olarak Uluslararası Doğruluk Kontrolü Ağı’nın (International Fact-Checking Network) imzacısıdır ve belirli ilkelere sadık kalmayı taahhüt ederler. Türkiye’den teyit.org ve Doğruluk Payı‘nın da imzacısı olduğu ilkeleri, dünya genelinde 50 kuruluş, doğruluk analizi yaparken kullanır.
Doğruluk kontrolü yapan bu oluşumların gerçekten de fact-checking işlemini olması gerektiği gibi yapıp yapmadığını okuyucu olarak IFCN’in önerdiği 5 kritere bakarak kolayca tespit edebilirsiniz.
- Tarafsızlık ve dürüstlük ilkesi: Doğruluk kontrolü yapan editör, bu işlemi her içerik için gerçekleştirirken aynı standartlara sadık kalmalıdır. Her kontrol için aynı süreci takip etmeli ve sadece kanıtlarla sonuca ulaşmalıdır. Analizlerle ilgili herhangi bir savunma yapmamalı ve politik tavır takınmamalıdır.
- Kaynakların şeffaflığı ilkesi: Doğrulama yapan kurumlar, okuyucularının analizleri kontrol etmesine olanak tanımalıdır. Kurumlar, okuyucularıyla -kaynağın kişisel güvenliğini ihmal etmemek kaydıyla- mümkün olduğunca çok analiz kaynağını paylaşmalıdır.
- Kurumsal ve finansal şeffaflık ilkesi: Doğrulayıcı kurumlar, finansal kaynaklarına dair şeffaf davranmalıdır. Başka kurumlardan, finansal yardım alabilir ancak yardım aldığı kurumların, doğruluk kontrolü sürecinde herhangi bir etkisi olmaması gerekir. Kurumda ön plana çıkan kişilerin profesyonel geçmişlerini ve kurumun yapısını halka açık şekilde deklare etmelidir. Okuyucuların, kurumla kolaylıkla iletişim kurabilecekleri kanalları açık tutmalıdır.
- Metodolojik şeffaflık ilkesi: Doğrulayıcılar; seçtikleri, araştırdıkları, yayımladıkları, düzelttikleri konuları açıklamalıdır. Okuyucuların, aklına takılan iddiaları kendilerine göndermesi konusunda onları cesaretlendirmeli; analiz için konunun nasıl ve neden seçildiği konusunda şeffaf olmalıdır.
- Açık ve güvenilir doğrulama ilkesi: Doğrulayıcılar, analiz politikasını daha önceden yayımlamalı ve bu politikaya titizlikle bağlı kalmalıdır. Okuyucuların doğrulama politikalarını açıkça görebilmesini sağlamalıdır.
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